指南
对要求页面中常见问题的详细解答：如何按正确尺寸打印，门户网站的提示信息是什么意思，毫米如何换算为像素，以及哪些规定对儿童或出于医疗原因会放宽。每篇指南都以我们要求页面所链接的官方来源为依据，并注明最后编辑日期。
打印
如何用家用打印机、药店照片柜台或在线冲印服务得到尺寸正确的照片，并在向主管机关寄送任何材料之前用尺子核实尺寸。
- 操作指南如何在家或在门店打印护照照片按准确尺寸打印4 x 6 in、A4或Letter打印排版，用印在上面的标尺核对，并了解哪些国家拒收在家打印的照片。
- 操作指南护照照片的打印机设置：详细步骤在Windows、macOS、手机和门店自助机上让照片保持100%比例的准确打印设置，以及证明设置正确的那一项检查。
- 操作指南在Walgreens、CVS或Walmart冲印护照照片如何在美国药店或超市冲印第三方制作的护照照片，有些门店会拒绝什么，以及费用是多少。
- 解读用A4还是4 x 6 in打印：选择哪种打印排版为什么纸张尺寸比打印机更重要，每种打印排版能放多少张照片，以及您所在国家的冲印店和自助机实际备有哪种尺寸。
- 操作指南标尺核对：提交前核实冲印尺寸我们生成的每张打印排版都带有一条校准线。测量它只需十秒，就能发现导致主管机关拒收照片的缩放错误。
- 解读在线订购冲印照片与自行打印对比客观比较门店取件、邮寄冲印和在家打印，包括从未送达的取件订单，以及我们为什么不邮寄任何东西。
婴儿和儿童
为不会摆姿势的人拍照：各国对婴幼儿免除了哪些规定，以及哪些儿童规定比家长预想的更严格，例如DV抽签的规定。
外观规定
眼镜、头部遮盖物、胡须，以及照片规定很少考虑到的医疗状况和例外情况，并说明各主管机关实际公布了哪些相关内容。
- 解读护照照片中的眼镜和头部遮盖物哪些地方禁止戴眼镜，哪些地方允许佩戴无反光的眼镜，以及宗教或医疗原因的头部遮盖物如何处理。
- 解读Medical and religious exceptions for passport photos （英文）When a passport authority accepts a photo that breaks a rule for a medical or religious reason, and what the signed statement should say.
- 问题排查Glasses glare and 'eyes closed' false positives （英文）Portals tell wide-awake applicants their eyes seem closed, and glare is the usual culprit. What triggers the message and the three ways out.
- 解读Lazy eye, posture conditions and photo rules （英文）Strabismus, wheelchairs and conditions that make 'look straight at the camera' impossible: the exception routes authorities publish and how our checks handle them.
- 解读Hijab and religious head coverings in ID photos （英文）What each country accepts, the one that accepts none, and how to photograph a covering so the face stays fully visible with no shadow.
- 解读Beards and facial hair in passport photos （英文）No country bans a beard, but recency rules, chin-to-crown measurements and automated face detection all interact with facial hair in ways worth knowing.
光线与拍摄
拍照本身：相机距离与构图、头部尺寸、窗户光线、阴影，以及如何摆脱自动检查可能导致的反复重拍。
- 操作指南在家拍护照照片的光线：无阴影，无反光门户网站和审核人员最常指出的光线问题，以及能避免这些问题的窗光布置方法。
- 解读Head size and position rules, country by country （英文）Chin-to-crown millimetres, eye lines and framing bands: what each authority measures, and why the same photo passes one country and fails another.
- 问题排查How to fix shadows on the face and background （英文）Diagnosing the four shadow types authorities reject, including the ear and neck shadows Canada names, and removing each one at the source.
- 问题排查How to escape the retake loop （英文）When a checker rejects attempt after attempt, the fix is to change one named thing at a time, not to keep pressing the shutter. A method that converges.
- 解读Why over-edited photos get rejected （英文）Filters, beautify modes and heavy background edits are explicit rejection grounds in the US, UK, Canada and Ireland. What counts as an edit, and where we stand.
- 操作指南Phone camera setup for a compliant photo （英文）Distance, zoom, tripod, timer and the mirror trap: how to set up any phone so the frame meets the rules before our checks ever run.
文件与格式
像素、千字节、宽高比和颜色：电子照片规格中的数字是什么意思，以及如何在不损坏图像的前提下满足门户网站的文件限制。
- 解读护照照片的毫米、像素与DPI换算35 x 45 mm如何变成413 x 531或827 x 1063像素，为什么2 x 2 in是600 x 600，以及为什么千字节是另一项独立的限制。
- 问题排查照片文件太大：满足千字节限制门户网站不仅限制像素，还限制千字节。本文介绍有哪些限制、重新编码如何进行，以及如何在不损坏图像的前提下缩小文件。
- 解读护照和身份证照片用JPEG还是PNG几乎所有门户网站都要求JPEG。本文介绍哪里接受PNG、哪里拒收PNG，以及为什么截图和聊天应用生成的文件会不合格。
- 解读像素尺寸详解：最小值、最大值和精确尺寸“at least 600 x 750 pixels”的真正要求是什么，为什么放大小照片行不通，以及哪些门户网站坚持唯一的精确尺寸。
- 问题排查宽高比不符：为什么大照片也会形状不对用于3:2门户网站的正方形文件，或用于33 x 48证件的35 x 45裁剪，无论有多少像素都会不合格。如何发现并解决形状问题。
- 解读Colour vs black and white: what each country requires （英文）Digital uploads must almost always be in colour, several countries accept or even recommend black-and-white prints, and greyscale files fail automated checks.
门户网站与错误
政府上传页面有自己的检查和提示信息。这些指南解读常见的提示，并说明何时应重拍、何时应重新编码、何时直接继续即可。
- 问题排查政府门户网站拒收了符合规定的照片红色图标、“might not meet the rules”和“too close”等提示信息的真正含义，以及重新上传前需要更改的内容。
- 问题排查The US photo tool's red icon, decoded （英文）'Your photo does not need cropping' with a red icon is not an error. Which State Department tool messages matter, which do not, and who actually decides.
- 问题排查HMPO 'poor quality' rejections and what to change （英文）The gov.uk upload's quality warnings mapped to the rule each one enforces, when you can continue past them, and when a re-shoot is the only fix.
- 解读The UK photo code, explained （英文）A photo code is a reference a UK booth or shop issues so HMPO can fetch your photo. We cannot issue one, and you do not need one: the upload route takes a home photo directly.
- 操作指南US online passport renewal: getting the photo upload right （英文）MyTravelGov wants a colour JPEG of at least 600 x 600 pixels and 54 KB with generous space around the head. The eligibility gates, the rules, and the two messages that confuse people.
办理流程与购买
申请流程如何处理您的照片，审核人员看什么，我们的服务收费多少、提供什么，以及在证件寄达之前如何妥善保存文件。
- 解读What officers actually check, and what no checker can promise （英文）Geometry can be measured by software; quality, identity and editing are judged by a person. An honest account of the gap, including our own checker's limits.
- 操作指南Download problems and backups: keeping your files safe （英文）How our delivery works: files render on your device, a reload restores them, and an optional email backup keeps a re-download link alive for seven days.
- 解读Our price, before you start: how paying for a photo should work （英文）The verdict comes before the payment, the price is on the button, and there is no subscription. What you pay, what you get, and when you should pay nothing.
- 解读Renewal vs first-time passport photos: what changes （英文）The photo rules are the same; the channel is not. Which countries let renewals upload a file, which make first-timers appear in person, and the old-photo trap.
- 解读How recent must a passport photo be? （英文）Six months is the common rule but not the universal one: the UK demands one month, Singapore's NRIC three, Canada's PR card allows twelve. The limits, and why reusing an old photo fails anyway.
- 解读Two photos or one? How many prints each application wants （英文）Ireland wants four, Canada and the UK two, France and Spain one, digital uploads zero. The counts by country, and the back-of-photo rules that come with them.
- 解读Digital or printed photo: which does your application need? （英文）The same country often runs both a paper route and an upload route with different photo rules. How to tell which one you are in before you produce the wrong artefact.
- 解读DV lottery photos for adults: the exact-pixel entry （英文）Exactly 600 x 600 pixels, under 240 KB, no glasses, taken in the last six months, one compliant photo per family member — and a one-month entry window to get it done.
- 解读Visa photo vs passport photo: same face, different rules （英文）A visa photo is set by the destination country, a passport photo by your own, and the sizes rarely match. The pairs that trip people most, country by country.
- 解读How Schengen visa photos work （英文）One 35 x 45 mm standard covers 29 countries: face at 70 to 80 percent, light grey preferred over white, two prints, under six months old. What the consulates and visa centres add.
- 操作指南Passport photos for seniors on a fixed income （英文）What is genuinely free before you pay anyone, the cheapest compliant route end to end, and the accessibility rules authorities publish for wheelchairs and medical conditions.
- 解读What is a biometric photo? （英文）Biometric means the geometry follows ICAO Doc 9303 so a machine can read the face: frontal pose, neutral expression, face at 70 to 80 percent. No fingerprints or chips involved.
- 解读Photo studio vs online service: an honest comparison （英文）Where a studio is legally required, where it is merely safer, and where a checked home photo is the better deal. Costs and risks of each route, stated plainly.
各国特别说明
只能逐国说明的规定，包括我们建议不要从我们或任何在线照片服务购买的国家，因为这些国家的主管机关要求照相馆拍摄的照片。
- 解读Countries where online photo services are not accepted （英文）Canada requires a commercial photographer, Australia wants dye-sublimation prints, Ireland refuses edited files. Where we advise against buying from us.
- 操作指南在美国在家拍摄护照照片2 x 2英寸纸质照片、600 x 600签证上传照片和在线续签文件，以及在哪里花不到一美元冲印打印排版，和哪条照片工具提示可以忽略。
- 操作指南在英国在家拍摄护照照片电子上传规定（600 x 750 px，过去一个月内拍摄）、35 x 45 mm纸质标准、照片代码替代方式，以及可冲印打印排版的自助机。
- 操作指南在加拿大在家拍摄护照照片：请先阅读本文IRCC要求护照照片由商业摄影师当面拍摄并专业打印。本文介绍该规定的范围、照相馆打印件必须达到的尺寸，以及在家拍照仍然适用的地方。
- 操作指南在澳大利亚在家拍摄护照照片：请先阅读本文澳大利亚护照办公室建议不要使用在线照片服务，并要求护照照片采用热升华打印。详细说明，以及在家制作的文件可以使用的证件。
- 操作指南在印度在家拍摄护照照片Passport Seva在柜台为大多数人拍摄护照照片；本文介绍您仍需照片的情况、35 x 45 mm和2 x 2英寸两种尺寸，以及签证和OCI上传照片。
- 操作指南在德国在家拍摄护照照片自2025年5月起，在德国境内申请护照和身份证不再接受纸质照片。本文介绍有哪些变化、面部占70%至80%的规定，以及在家拍摄的照片仍可用于哪些地方。
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in France （英文）French passports and ID cards require a photo from an approved professional or booth, so a home photo cannot be used for them. Where it can: France-Visas and the postal photo-signature form.
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in Spain （英文）Spain's 32 x 26 mm photo is one of the smallest in use. The white-background rule, when the police station takes the photo itself, and when you need no photo at all.
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in Italy （英文）The 35 x 45 mm fototessera with the face at 70 to 80 percent, the 23 to 31 mm eye-line rule, and why the print must come from a lab rather than a home printer.
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in the Netherlands （英文）The Fotomatrix 2020 acceptance criteria, the 26 to 30 mm chin-to-crown band, and the two documents a home photo cannot cover: the online driving-licence renewal and the residence permit.
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in Ireland: read this first （英文）Passport Online accepts home photos, but only the unedited camera frame: no cropping, no zoom, no enhancement. How to shoot one that passes, and the four-print paper rule.
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in New Zealand （英文）New Zealand's passport is digital-first and the DIA explicitly allows your own device. The 3:4 pixel bands, the 250 KB floor, and the visa rule that rejects AI-edited files.
- 操作指南在新加坡在家拍摄护照照片ICA本身就推荐使用护照照片应用。本文介绍400 x 514像素上传照片、纸质途径所需的35 x 45 mm哑光照片，以及两者背后严格的禁止编辑规定。
- 操作指南Passport photo at home in the UAE （英文）One ICAO-standard 3.5 x 4.5 cm white-background photo serves ICP's passport, Emirates ID and visa uploads. The likeness rule that trips renewals, and how the uploads work.
- 操作指南在中国在家拍摄护照照片国家移民管理局建议申请人使用后置摄像头、三脚架或证件照应用，并关闭所有美颜滤镜。本文介绍33 x 48 mm纸质照片、在线换发上传照片和签证照片。
我们是独立服务机构，不是政府网站。护照或签证须向您所在国家的政府申请；我们只负责准备照片。